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KMID : 0545120110210020192
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Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
2011 Volume.21 No. 2 p.192 ~ p.196
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Enzymes Hydrolyzing Structural Components and Ferrous Ion Cause Rusty-root Symptom on Ginseng (Panax ginseng)
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Lee Chan-Yong
Kim Kwang-Yup
Lee Jo-Eun
Kim Sung-Han
Ryu Dong-Kul
Choi Jae-Eul
Ahn Gil-Hwan
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Abstract
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Microbial induction of rusty-root was proved in this study. The enzymes hydrolyzing plant structural materials, including pectinase, pectolyase, ligninase, and cellulase, caused the rusty-root in ginseng. Pectinase and pectolyase produced the highest rusty-color formation. Ferrous ion (Fe+++) caused the synergistic effect on rusty-root formation in ginseng when it was used with pectinase. The effect of ferric ion (Fe++) on rusty-root formation was slow, compared with Fe+++, probably due to gradual oxidation to Fe+++. Other metal ions including the ferric ion (Fe++) did not affect rusty-root formation. The endophytic bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Lysobacter gummosus, Pseudomonas veronii, Pseudomonas marginalis, Rhodococcus erythropolis, and Rhodococcus globerulus, and the rotten-root forming phytophathogenic fungus Cylindrocarpon destructans, caused rusty-root. The polyphenol formation (rusty color) was not significantly different between microorganisms. The rotten-root-forming C. destructans produced large quantities of external cellulase activity (?2.3 U[μM/min/mg protein]), which indicated the pathogenecity of the fungus, whereas the bacteria produced 0.1-0.7 U. The fungal external pectinase activities (0.05 U) and rusty-root formation activity were similar to those of the bacteria. In this report, we proved that microbial hydrolyzing enzymes caused rusty-root (Hue value 15o) of ginseng, and ferrous ion worsened the symptom.
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KEYWORD
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Cylindrocarpon destructans, Fe (Ⅲ), pectinase, ginseng
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